KN4LF DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC DATA ARCHIVE

NOTE! On January 1, 2000 I retired from "for profit" space weather forecasting. As of Thursday April 28, 2005 I've decided to retire from "not for profit" space weather forecasting too. Therefore I will no longer maintain and update this website. However I will leave it up as an archive reference.

2005
KN4LF DAILY
SOLAR SPACE WEATHER
& GEOMAGNETIC DATA ARCHIVE
Formerly
Thomas Giella Space & Atmospheric Weather Consulting Services
&
Florida Space & Atmospheric Weather Institute

CLICK HERE TO JOIN THE PROPAGATION EMAIL REFLECTOR ON CONTESTING.COM
2005 KN4LF DAILY LF/MF/HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION OUTLOOK

2004 KN4LF DAILY LF/MF/HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION OUTLOOK ARCHIVE
2003 KN4LF DAILY MF/HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION OUTLOOK ARCHIVE
2002 KN4LF DAILY MF/HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION OUTLOOK ARCHIVE
2001 KN4LF DAILY MF/HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION OUTLOOK ARCHIVE

INTRODUCTION

Welcome to my "not for profit" daily solar, space weather and geomagnetic data archive website. My education is in the physical sciences; i.e., Meteorology, Paleoclimatology, Physical Oceanography and Space Plasma Physics. Though recently retired, during the past 31 years I worked in the space and atmospheric research, consulting and forecasting field, both in the private sector and for the U.S. Government. I also recently retired from business e-commerce website design after 7+ years. I'm also a 17 year advanced class licensed amateur radio operator and 40 year SWL.

Though this solar, space weather and geomagnetic data archive website may not the best on the Internet, it's probably unique in that it covers all aspects of the science. I think I'm the only Space Weather Physicist with a website. I hope you find this site both useful and educational.

Note! For those that would like to chat with me about solar, space weather and geomagnetic goings on I'm on Yahoo IM and my ID is thomasgiella.

Also I would very much appreciate feedback via my guestbook or directly via my email address below on this website.

View My Guestbook
Please Sign My Guestbook

Also this "not for profit" website conglomeration requires 300 megs of costly web server space and also requires many man hours of labor to maintain, including the daily LF/MF/HF radio propagation outlook and the LF/MF/HF radio propagation theory notes. Therefore if you find this website useful I accept donations to keep it up and running. You can donate $$$ if you would like at Paypal.com by clicking on the credit card button link below.

Contact Info:
kn4lf@arrl.net

KN4LF AMATEUR AND SWL RADIO AUTOBIOGRAPHY
MY SPACE AND ATMOSPHERIC WEATHER CONSULTING RESUME

SOLAR SPACE WEATHER & GEOMAGNETIC RAW FORECAST DATA LINKS
FL & U.S. RAW TERRESTRIAL WEATHER FORECASTING PRODUCT LINKS
PLANT CITY, FLORIDA DAILY CLIMATOLOGICAL WEATHER OBSERVATIONS
KN4LF LOW MEDIUM & HIGH FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION THEORY NOTES
Layman Level Explanations Of Seemingly Mysterious LF/MF/HF Propagation Occurrences

RECENT MAJOR SOLAR SPACE WEATHER & GEOMAGNETIC EVENTS

Just a few words posted here on Saturday 01/22/2005 concerning sunspot group #10720 that is rotating around the west limb of the Sun today.

#1.) During #10720's transit across the visible face of the Sun it produced 99 C class, 24 M class and 5 X class solar flares, quite prolific.

#2.) It produced at least six geoeffective (Earth facing) coronal mass ejections. The last CME that arrived on Friday 01/21/05 was so intense that it was followed by partial magnetopause crossing. In simpler terms Earth's magnetic field was compressed in the opposite direction of the Sun such that orbiting satellites including the space station were exposed to nearly the full wrath of the Sun.

#3.) It produced an energetic excessive proton storm that reached 5040 pfu, the strongest of cycle 23. At one point protons actually penetrated to ground level in the polar regions!

#4.) Last but not least it produced at least 38 hours of geomagnetic storming.

-----

On 12/27/2004 more than a dozen spacecraft recorded the brightest event from outside the solar system ever observed in the history of astronomy. This gamma and X-ray producing super flare was emitted by a Magnetar star named SGR 1806–20. This star is an estimated 50,000 light years distant in the constellation Sagittarius on the far side of the Milky Way galaxy and obscured behind dense interstellar clouds.

Upon arrival at Earth the X-rays were powerful enough to increase absorption in the D layer of our ionosphere and create a dayside Sudden Ionospheric Disturbance (SID) and a blackout of radio signals, amazing!!! To read more about this rare event check out this link at: http://skyandtelescope.com/news/article_1464_1.asp

-----

Occurrences of visible Aurora in Florida is more common then most believe.

On October 29th, 2003 during one of the most Kp-9 extreme geomagnetic storms in years Paul Gardener photographed visible Aurora over Orlando, Florida.

Click To Enlarge

On November 20th, 2003 during another Kp-9 extreme geomagnetic storm more visible Aurora was observed and photographed in the Chiefland area by Mike Cressy and Gary Honis. I also observed the visible Aurora here in Plant City, FL at 28 deg. N latitude.

November 20, 2003 Florida Aurora Images By Mike Cressy

November 20, 2003 Florida Aurora Images By Gary Honis

Between 1929-2007 UTC on 11/03/04 giant sunspot group #10486, a prolific solar flare producer, which had already set around the western limb of our Sun expelled what appeared to be the largest solar flare ever recorded by humans. The super solar flare was officially rated as an X28 by the SEC. But by my professional estimate, using the duration of saturation of x-ray flux monitoring sensors and other data this solar flare was probably an approximate X45, a truly historic event. Upon submitting my observation data to the SEC they upgraded the solar flare to X45!

Though I received sharp criticism due to my original estimate, it turns out to be more accurate then most! By the way "WE ARE VERY FORTUNATE" that the X45 solar flare was not geo-effective (Earth directed). The associated Coronal Mass Ejection (CME) would have been so intense that we would have experienced total magnetopause crossing. Put in simpler terms Earth's protective magnetic field would have been compressed in the opposite direction of the Sun such that orbiting satellites including the space station were exposed to the full wrath of the Sun, very unhealthy to microprocessors and human DNA. The end result would have

Click To Enlarge

Click for X45 Super Solar Flare Movie

Here are some general guidelines concerning correlation of propagation indices to actual expected HF/MF propagation conditions.

1.) Dropping indices numbers are better.

2.) For medium frequencies a solar flux under 150, under 100 better, 70 is best for E layer multi hop.

Keep in mind though that the 10.7 cm (2800 mhz) solar flux index is not a "reliable" gauge of ionization in our atmosphere for F layer HF frequency refractions, as the energy of photons at this frequency is to low on the order of one million times. However most are used to solar flux and sunspot number and it's a hard habit to break. A better indicator is the background x-ray flux. See #7 below.

3.) Solar flux of at least 100 for E valley-F layer ducting mechanism.

4.) Previous 24 hour Ap index under 10, under 7 for several days consecutively is best.

5.) Previous 3 hour Kp index under 3 for mid latitude paths, under 2 for high latitude paths, 0-1 for several days consecutively is best.

6.) Energetic protons no greater then 10 MeV (10+0) for 160/120 meters and no greater then (10-1) on MF broadcast band.

7.) Background x-ray flux levels less than C1 for several days consecutively for 160/120 meters and less then B9 for MF broadcast band but A9 or less best.

8.) No current STRATWARM alert.

9.) IMF Bz with a (positive number) sign, indicates a lesser chance of high latitude path auroral absorption/unpredictable refraction or scattering of MF RF signals, when the Kp is above 3.

10.) A -50 or better towards a positive number Dst index during the recovery time after a geomagnetic storm, as related to the Equatorial Ring Current.

Back To The Top
SOLAR SPACE WEATHER & GEOMAGNETIC LINKS
SOLAR SPACE WEATHER & GEOMAGNETIC RAW FORECAST DATA LINKS

DEFINITIONS & TERMINOLOGY-

NOAA/SEC NEW SPACE WEATHER SCALES FORMAT AS BCST ON WWV

NOAA/SEC SPACE ENVIRONMENT CENTER TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS GLOSSARY

NOAA/SEC SPACE WEATHER MAGNETIC CLASS TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS

NOAA/SEC SPACE WEATHER SOLAR FLARE TERMINOLOGY AND DEFINITIONS

NOAA/SEC SPACE WEATHER SCALES

EDUCATIONAL SITES-

AMERICAN GEOPHYSICAL UNION SPACE WEATHER JOURNAL

PDF ARTICLE VIA IPS AUSTRALIA ABOUT THE RECENTLY DISCOVERED F3 IONOSPHERIC LAYER

NORTHERN LIGHTS AURORA INFO

NOAA NGDC GEOMAGNETISM DATA

PROPAGATION STUDIES COMMITTEE OF THE RSGB

OULU SPACE WEATHER PHYSICS

GLOBAL THUNDERSTORM ACTIVITY & IT'S EFFECTS ON THE RADIATION BELTS & LOWER IONOSPHERE

DIRECT COUPLING BETWEEN LIGHTNING & THE LOWER IONOSPHERE

RED SPRITES, BLUE JETS, ELVES AND THE IONOSPHERE ARTICLE FROM NEW MEXICO TECH & KSC

RED SPRITES, BLUE JETS AND THE IONOSPHERE ARTICLE FROM U OF ALASKA

MEDIUM FREQUENCY RELATED RADIO PROPAGATION INFO FROM STD

INSTITUTE OF SOLAR TERRESTRIAL PHYSICS IRKUTSK RUSSIA

SKEWED PATHS TO EUROPE ON THE LOW BANDS BY CARL LUETZELSCHWAB K9LA

DOWNLOAD THE MF/HF PROPAGATION TUTORIAL PROP 101, 202, 303 BY BOB BROWN NM7M (Excellent)

KN4LF LF/MF & HF FREQUENCY RADIO PROPAGATION THEORY NOTES (Excellent)
Layman Level Explanations Of Seemingly Mysterious LF/MF/HF Propagation Occurrences

W3ASK GEORGE JACOBS AND ASSOCIATES

THE BASICS OF HF RADIO WAVE PROPAGATION BY AE4TM

AE4TM PROPAGATION STUDIES

AE4TM HF PROPAGATION PRIMER

VE1DX PROPAGATION PRIMER

CQ MAGAZINE 160 METER PROPAGATION ARTICLES FROM CARY OLER & N4XX DR THEODORE COHEN (Excellent)

VK3ACA PROPAGATION OF LONG RADIO WAVES ARTICLE

IONOSPHERE CHIRP SOUNDERS EGROUP

E LAYER EGROUP

GREYLINE PROPAGATION EGROUP

HF PROPAGATION CATCHES EGROUP

PROPNET HF PROPAGATION BEACON ONLINE EGROUP

EXCELLENT AMATEUR RADIO & SWL DATA SITES-

ARRL PROPAGATION BULLETINS

NCDXF HF PROPAGATION BEACONS

K3WWP PROPAGATION INFORMATION

VE6WZ GEOMAGNETIC INDICES LINKS

LF/VLF PROPAGATION INFO BY ALAN G3NYK OF THE PSC

AC6V PROPAGATION LINKS

CQ MAGAZINE'S NW7US THOMAS HOOD HFRADIO.ORG (The Best On The Internet)

QSL.NET PROPAGATION

AD5Q PROPAGATION FORECAST

NB6Z SOLAR ACTIVITY

WM7D SOLAR RESOURCE PAGE

DXLC DAILY SOLAR NUMBERS

ON5AU ANTENNAS AND PROPAGATION

ON4BAA ONLINE PROPAGATION PREDICTION

N6GCE HF PROPAGATION LINKS

W3DF DAILY SOLAR FLUX VALUES 1947-PRESENT

ON4SKY LINKS

SOLAR SPACE WEATHER GEOMAGNETIC & PROPAGATION SOFTWARE-

DX AID BY PETER OLDFIELD (160)

SOLAR TERRESTRIAL DISPATCH PROPLAB PRO SOFTWARE (160)

W6EL PROPAGATION SOFTWARE (80-10)

DXLABS PROPVIEW PROPAGATION SOFTWARE (80-10)

ION PROBE SPACE WEATHER MONITOR BY VE3NEA OF AFREET SOFTWARE INC

DX ATLAS WITH IONOSPHERIC MAPS BY VE3NEA OF AFREET SOFTWARE INC

HF PROP SOFTWARE WITH LUF BY G4ILO (160-10)

NTIA/ITS VOACAP ICEPAC REC533 HF PROPAGATION SOFTWARE (80-10)

DX PROP V1.0A (160-10)

Visit DX Zone For Great Propagation Links & More

Back To The Top

VISUALIZATIONS OF SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC PHENOMENA

Earth's Magnetic Field
Click To Enlarge

Horizontal & Vertical Components Of Earth's Magnetic Field
Click To Enlarge

Lightning/Thunderstorms And It's Interaction With The Ionosphere
Click To Enlarge

Color Image Of Elves, Sprites & Jets
Click To Enlarge

Earth's Magnetosphere
Click To Enlarge

Ionosphere Profile
Click To Enlarge

Ionosphere Ion Types

The 300-3000 KC Medium Frequency Ionosphere
Click To Enlarge

E Valley-F Layer Ducting Mechanism
Click To Enlarge

Kp Value Versus Aurora Latitude
Click To Enlarge
Back To The Top

CURRENT SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC DATA

Profile Of Earth's Bow Shock & Magnetopause

NASA Current Solar Image

SEC Cycle 23 Sunspot Progression

SEC Cycle 23 2800 Mhz Solar Flux Progression

SEC Current North And South Polar Aurora Oval Positions
Click To Enlarge

Near-Real-Time MUF Map (with SSN & A-index)

STD F2 Layer MUF Map

STD E Layer And F2 Layer Critical Frequency Maps
Click To Enlarge

IPS F2 Layer Critical Frequency Maps For U.S. And Western Hemisphere
Click To Enlarge

N3KL Latest Space Weather Indices
Click To Enlarge

7 Day History Of A & K Indices At Boulder, CO, Fredericksburg, VA, College, AK
Click To Enlarge

STD 5 MHZ Ionospheric Absorption Map And SEC D Region Absorption Map
Click To Enlarge

Current SEC ACE Solar Wind Data Etc.

Solar X-Rays:

Geo. Field:

From n3kl.org

Latest EIT 284 Coronal Hole Region Location
A Cause Of Many Of Our Ionospheric Storms
Click To Enlarge

More Sunspot Region Location & Type
Click To Enlarge

A -50 or better towards a positive number Dst index during the recovery time after a geomagnetic storm,
as related to the Equatorial Ring Current. -50 nt Or More Negative DST Creates Increased D Layer Lower
Latitude Signal Absorption On The MF AM Broadcast Band, 160 and 120 Meters
Click To Enlarge

>(10+0) Energetic Proton Flux Creates Increased D Layer Signal Absorption On 160, 120 Meters
And >(10-1) On MF Bands
Click To Enlarge

Date	Solar Flux	SEC SSN	Ap Index Min Ave Max	K Indices	X Ray Flares	Optical Flares
Planetary	Boulder	C M X	S 1 2 3 4
20050426	88.4 90.9 90.0	20	02 05 07	10112221	11012121	4 0 0	4 0 0 0 0
20050425	84.1 86.0 87.1	25	05 11 27	34322112	23323332	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050424	81.7 82.3 82.5	0	06 10 22	34222222	33222322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050423	78.5 79.3 80.1	35	03 06 09	11222222	11222432	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050422	76.9 77.2 77.3	34	03 09 15	22113232	23013232	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050421	77.3 77.1 77.1	22	02 04 07	20111211	30112212	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050420	77.2 77.0 77.1	39	09 21 48	25444322	25444223	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050419	78.5 78.2 82.4	43	04 08 22	22412222	23412223	0 0 0	0 1 0 0 0
20050418	82.4 81.3 81.1	44	05 08 15	13212222	23313432	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050417	84.1 83.6 83.4	54	03 05 09	12211111	23202321	3 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050416	81.2 82.9 83.1	52	03 07 15	32112222	32112322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050415	85.4 84.9 84.7	61	07 13 22	34223323	34222323	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050414	85.3 85.4 86.2	63	09 19 48	45333232	45443332	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050413	83.4 83.5 84.5	45	09 26 39	24445544	24444544	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050412	85.2 84.9 83.7	32	12 30 67	65344344	55435244	1 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050411	86.2 87.5 88.3	17	00 10 22	11012343	22012433	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050410	88.7 88.3 87.6	42	00 04 07	10012211	10002111	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050409	87.8 88.4 88.0	43	00 04 06	21011221	12112322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050408	87.4 87.7 87.5	56	02 04 07	20111121	21212221	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050407	87.5 87.8 87.8	49	04 08 15	22322211	23332211	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050406	88.2 88.0 88.6	50	07 11 18	32232333	33233322	2 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050405	87.6 88.3 88.0	50	15 74 132	77533334	66533334	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050404	84.3 84.8 84.7	54	04 17 48	12222445	12323444	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050403	80.1 81.1 81.9	38	03 06 07	12111222	12211322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050402	79.6 80.2 80.9	30	00 04 07	10111211	10121212	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050401	78.3 78.3 78.5	26	03 08 22	13422211	13322112	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0 Back To The Top
20050331	76.5 76.7 77.1	22	04 09 12	13321232	13212223	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050330	77.5 77.6 77.6	11	04 09 22	23421211	23432110	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050329	76.1 78.8 78.8	15	02 05 15	01101223	11102212	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050328	79.5 79.7 76.9	15	02 04 06	12101122	22101012	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050327	77.3 78.4 77.1	35	07 13 27	21433332	22433322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050326	78.1 77.7 81.6	41	07 16 32	24443222	24443321	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050325	83.0 82.1 81.7	65	04 18 39	14533323	14433323	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050324	87.5 87.1 86.7	57	02 06 12	01113222	00113211	1 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050323	88.2 87.7 88.4	56	00 04 09	10001122	10112332	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050322	87.6 87.3 88.6	49	00 03 06	00101112	10102322	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050321	89.1 89.7 90.7	53	03 08 22	11134211	10234322	1 0 0	5 0 0 0 0
20050320	86.3 89.0 86.5	39	04 05 07	12122111	13122231	3 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050319	90.0 93.0 92.6	41	04 14 39	54222111	54322211	2 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050318	96.7 96.5 95.9	37	03 09 18	11231333	11231333	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050317	101.6 101.4 102.3	35	07 12 22	33242322	34241322	0 0 0	2 0 0 0 0
20050316	103.4 104.6 101.9	45	02 06 12	00113222	11123213	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050315	108.8 108.2 108.2	58	03 04 06	21111111	21112112	1 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050314	115.0 112.4 111.1	49	03 21 39	44345322	54344323	1 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050313	114.0 113.9 114.4	77	02 06 15	10012223	10013333	5 0 0	2 0 0 0 0
20050312	109.9 110.0 112.2	67	02 04 06	11101121	11212322	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050311	106.4 105.4 106.3	59	04 06 09	22212111	22313220	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050310	101.8 102.2 103.0	70	05 13 18	33333321	33332322	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050309	99.0 100.1 102.1	77	12 20 32	34433344	34433444	2 0 0	3 0 0 0 0
20050308	92.2 94.4 96.4	52	12 26 56	45533334	45433334	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050307	87.0 87.3 89.4	43	22 42 94	55644454	54644444	0 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050306	83.3 84.0 85.4	22	15 36 48	53543545	44543534	0 0 0	2 1 0 0 0
20050305	81.0 81.0 82.1	22	04 10 18	13222233	13322223	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050304	78.8 79.3 80.0	13	02 03 05	10001110	10101111	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050303	78.1 78.0 77.9	24	00 04 06	11011221	11112112	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050302	75.0 74.5 74.8	11	04 12 15	33333311	33333311	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050301	73.8 74.1 74.0	11	05 11 22	21332224	22332313	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0 Back To The Top
20050228	74.9 75.0 75.2	11	04 12 22	13333314	13333313	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050227	75.5 75.9 76.1	12	02 08 18	02313221	13314212	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050226	77.0 77.1 76.6	27	07 09 12	22233322	22332332	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050225	77.6 78.1 78.0	15	05 09 15	11222332	11233442	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050224	80.9 80.0 81.2	17	00 05 15	00113122	00113222	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050223	86.0 85.4 85.1	54	03 04 06	11211211	11211232	2 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050222	91.1 92.4 90.9	23	00 04 09	11001221	11012332	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050221	93.0 95.1 94.9	33	04 08 15	33121212	33122212	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050220	95.0 95.7 96.3	60	02 12 22	43302322	43311322	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050219	98.8 98.5 98.9	51	03 14 27	12344332	12343333	1 1 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050218	104.2 104.2 105.1	46	09 25 48	54434432	53434423	5 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050217	110.8 111.3 109.0	51	02 06 15	12012223	23011323	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050216	112.9 112.8 112.9	61	05 13 27	21244333	22234333	2 0 0	1 2 0 0 0
20050215	120.2 121.7 118.1	69	02 05 07	11201122	11211101	1 0 0	4 0 0 0 0
20050214	117.5 118.1 117.4	115	02 05 07	02111122	12112122	2 0 0	3 1 0 0 0
20050213	115.7 115.5 118.0	73	02 04 06	11110121	21111111	2 0 0	3 1 0 0 0
20050212	116.8 116.4 116.7	72	03 05 07	22111120	22122220	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050211	115.5 114.1 115.3	73	04 11 15	23332132	23332232	1 0 0	0 3 2 0 0
20050210	111.9 114.1 113.7	63	07 17 22	44334232	43343333	1 0 0	3 0 0 0 0
20050209	108.6 108.6 109.2	60	12 25 56	34544333	24543343	0 0 0	0 1 0 0 0
20050208	107.8 108.2 110.4	53	15 34 94	46434444	56434444	2 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050207	102.1 103.1 102.9	62	07 23 48	33235455	33225555	4 0 0	1 1 0 0 0
20050206	100.4 97.0 97.4	47	04 09 22	22411123	23411223	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050205	92.7 94.6 95.8	22	02 03 05	11101011	11101001	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050204	84.9 82.1 86.5	22	00 03 06	00012111	00011211	4 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050203	83.2 83.0 83.7	23	04 08 22	14311211	24312211	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050202	81.8 81.8 82.5	28	03 08 15	11322231	12222331	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050201	83.6 83.7 83.9	27	00 06 12	30121222	30112321	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0 Back To The Top
20050131	86 86 87	49	05 19 39	32345431	42344431	1 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050130	86 86 86	38	06 16 22	34343222	23242222	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050129	85 86 86	30	06 20 32	32343344	23343444	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050128	85 85 86	43	02 06 15	22101132	12011332	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050127	85 87 87	43	00 03 07	00001211	00111331	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050126	90 89 89	46	02 04 05	11011111	11011220	0 0 0	0 1 0 0 0
20050125	90 94 94	56	02 04 07	10111121	11212232	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050124	94 96 95	42	04 06 09	21122221	21222221	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050123	96 96 96	40	09 17 27	44333432	43332433	1 1 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050122	104 102 103	60	12 28 80	56333343	46332233	5 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050121	115 114 114	69	04 61 179	31322886	32322775	9 2 0	2 0 0 0 0
20050120	123 123 123	61	04 12 32	21124433	21123433	5 0 1	4 0 1 0 0
20050119	135 133 132	66	12 62 132	66676434	56565533	8 3 1	5 1 2 0 0
20050118	134 124 131	109	27 72 132	65756645	55646644	12 2 0	7 2 1 0 0
20050117	139 138 138	107	12 63 132	54377753	44366653	4 2 1	5 0 1 0 0
20050116	144 145 149	99	07 12 18	22223323	22323423	7 2 0	8 1 0 0 0
20050115	147 145 +181	100	06 22 67	36433332	35433332	17 7 2	25 4 2 1 0
20050114	128 130 136	65	04 12 27	22211144	23212244	28 5 0	10 3 1 0 0
20050113	113 116 118	77	07 13 27	24223333	24322333	9 0 0	9 0 0 0 0
20050112	101 102 103	58	15 30 56	45355333	35354333	2 0 0	3 0 0 0 0
20050111	94 94 96	25	05 14 27	14422323	14422323	2 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050110	89 90 93	40	03 06 09	11112222	01212223	1 0 0	1 1 0 0 0
20050109	89 88 90	28	00 04 12	11031111	11030221	1 1 0	1 2 0 0 0
20050108	85 89 87	34	07 30 80	66343322	45343322	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050107	83 84 85	22	00 37 132	10016647	10016637	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050106	83 84 84	14	00 04 12	20000131	10000121	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050105	88 88 87	15	05 21 39	54543312	44443321	0 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050104	87 88 89	30	12 23 32	44344433	44243433	3 0 0	3 0 0 0 0
20050103	92 94 94	43	06 22 48	44335432	34335422	2 0 0	1 0 0 0 0
20050102	99 100 99	52	15 33 56	44543535	44533535	1 0 0	0 0 0 0 0
20050101	97 99 101	51	04 15 27	14323343	14323343	2 0 1	1 0 0 0 0 Back To The Top

>C1 Or Greater Background X-Ray Flux Creates Increased D Layer Signal Absorption On
160, 120 Meters And B9 Or Greater On The MF Band, A9 Or Less Is Best
Click To Enlarge
Back To The Top
DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION ARCHIVE
As Follows Are Monthly Observed Maximum And Minimum Solar Flux Index Levels For Cycle 23 From 1996 Through 2004, As Measured From Penticton, BC, Canada Using "Highest" Of Three Daily Values, Not 2000 UTC Value Only, Like Most Propagation Websites. This site also archives the daily minimum, average and maximum A index.

Initially NOAA SEC predicted cycle 23 to peak in August 2000. NOAA then predicted a peak between December 2000 and March 2001.

The peak as measured by the (SFI) Solar Flux Index occurred in December 2001 with an average of 235. The peak as measured by the (ISS) International Sunspot Index occurred in July 2000 with an average of 170.

*- Beginning Of Cycle 23
#- Highest Daily Solar Flux Index So Far For Cycle 23
+- Second Highest Daily Solar Flux Index So Far For Cycle 23
@- Highest Monthly Average Solar Flux Index For Cycle 23

96 97 98 99 00

JAN 086/069 078/067 102/081 178/110 211/130
FEB 076/068 081/069 107/083 208/099 227/138
MAR 074/067 077/069 133/090 157/102 236/178
APR 074/067 081/068 141/088 145/097 223/158
MAY 078/066 085/070 133/087 183/137 262/126
JUN 074/067 078/068 122/096 210/139 202/148
JUL 087/065 082/067 129/099 206/129 262/148
AUG 081/067 097/070 179/109 264/129 193/131
SEP 074/066 119/085 177/117 163/105 232/133
OCT *073/066 091/079 135/103 200/122 203/140
NOV 106/068 118/089 168/115 249/143 204/144
DEC 088/066 117/085 184/129 217/130 201/135

01 02 03 04 05

JAN 184/152 261/188 189/112 135/087 181/085
FEB 170/130 257/188 150/101 124/095 122/075
MAR +294/130 209/165 161/089 134/090 115/074
APR 258/123 226/147 166/098 117/087
MAY 210/129 193/157 218/091 118/085
JUN 221/133 179/131 200/106 119/082
JUL 150/115 275/129 162/099 197/077
AUG 205/120 244/135 137/104 156/083
SEP 285/183 221/136 141/094 222/088
OCT 263/171 191/136#318/092 148/086
NOV 271/170 204/138 237/091 141/095
DEC@ 285/207 245/111 143/084 113/081

Raw Data For Below Info Can Be Found At This Link NOAA/SEC
2004 DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION ARCHIVE
2003 DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION ARCHIVE
2002 DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION ARCHIVE
2001 DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION ARCHIVE

2005 DAILY SOLAR SPACE WEATHER AND GEOMAGNETIC INFORMATION
+= Influenced By Intense Solar Flaring

Date Solar Flux SEC SSN Ap Index
Min Ave Max K Indices X Ray Flares Optical Flares

Planetary Boulder C M X S 1 2 3 4

20050426 88.4 90.9 90.0 20 02 05 07 10112221 11012121 4 0 0 4 0 0 0 0
20050425 84.1 86.0 87.1 25 05 11 27 34322112 23323332 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050424 81.7 82.3 82.5 0 06 10 22 34222222 33222322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050423 78.5 79.3 80.1 35 03 06 09 11222222 11222432 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050422 76.9 77.2 77.3 34 03 09 15 22113232 23013232 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050421 77.3 77.1 77.1 22 02 04 07 20111211 30112212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050420 77.2 77.0 77.1 39 09 21 48 25444322 25444223 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050419 78.5 78.2 82.4 43 04 08 22 22412222 23412223 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
20050418 82.4 81.3 81.1 44 05 08 15 13212222 23313432 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050417 84.1 83.6 83.4 54 03 05 09 12211111 23202321 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050416 81.2 82.9 83.1 52 03 07 15 32112222 32112322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050415 85.4 84.9 84.7 61 07 13 22 34223323 34222323 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050414 85.3 85.4 86.2 63 09 19 48 45333232 45443332 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050413 83.4 83.5 84.5 45 09 26 39 24445544 24444544 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050412 85.2 84.9 83.7 32 12 30 67 65344344 55435244 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050411 86.2 87.5 88.3 17 00 10 22 11012343 22012433 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050410 88.7 88.3 87.6 42 00 04 07 10012211 10002111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050409 87.8 88.4 88.0 43 00 04 06 21011221 12112322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050408 87.4 87.7 87.5 56 02 04 07 20111121 21212221 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050407 87.5 87.8 87.8 49 04 08 15 22322211 23332211 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050406 88.2 88.0 88.6 50 07 11 18 32232333 33233322 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050405 87.6 88.3 88.0 50 15 74 132 77533334 66533334 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050404 84.3 84.8 84.7 54 04 17 48 12222445 12323444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050403 80.1 81.1 81.9 38 03 06 07 12111222 12211322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050402 79.6 80.2 80.9 30 00 04 07 10111211 10121212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050401 78.3 78.3 78.5 26 03 08 22 13422211 13322112 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Back To The Top

20050331 76.5 76.7 77.1 22 04 09 12 13321232 13212223 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050330 77.5 77.6 77.6 11 04 09 22 23421211 23432110 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050329 76.1 78.8 78.8 15 02 05 15 01101223 11102212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050328 79.5 79.7 76.9 15 02 04 06 12101122 22101012 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050327 77.3 78.4 77.1 35 07 13 27 21433332 22433322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050326 78.1 77.7 81.6 41 07 16 32 24443222 24443321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050325 83.0 82.1 81.7 65 04 18 39 14533323 14433323 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050324 87.5 87.1 86.7 57 02 06 12 01113222 00113211 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050323 88.2 87.7 88.4 56 00 04 09 10001122 10112332 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050322 87.6 87.3 88.6 49 00 03 06 00101112 10102322 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050321 89.1 89.7 90.7 53 03 08 22 11134211 10234322 1 0 0 5 0 0 0 0
20050320 86.3 89.0 86.5 39 04 05 07 12122111 13122231 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050319 90.0 93.0 92.6 41 04 14 39 54222111 54322211 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050318 96.7 96.5 95.9 37 03 09 18 11231333 11231333 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050317 101.6 101.4 102.3 35 07 12 22 33242322 34241322 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
20050316 103.4 104.6 101.9 45 02 06 12 00113222 11123213 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050315 108.8 108.2 108.2 58 03 04 06 21111111 21112112 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050314 115.0 112.4 111.1 49 03 21 39 44345322 54344323 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050313 114.0 113.9 114.4 77 02 06 15 10012223 10013333 5 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
20050312 109.9 110.0 112.2 67 02 04 06 11101121 11212322 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050311 106.4 105.4 106.3 59 04 06 09 22212111 22313220 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050310 101.8 102.2 103.0 70 05 13 18 33333321 33332322 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050309 99.0 100.1 102.1 77 12 20 32 34433344 34433444 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
20050308 92.2 94.4 96.4 52 12 26 56 45533334 45433334 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050307 87.0 87.3 89.4 43 22 42 94 55644454 54644444 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050306 83.3 84.0 85.4 22 15 36 48 53543545 44543534 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0
20050305 81.0 81.0 82.1 22 04 10 18 13222233 13322223 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050304 78.8 79.3 80.0 13 02 03 05 10001110 10101111 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050303 78.1 78.0 77.9 24 00 04 06 11011221 11112112 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050302 75.0 74.5 74.8 11 04 12 15 33333311 33333311 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050301 73.8 74.1 74.0 11 05 11 22 21332224 22332313 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Back To The Top

20050228 74.9 75.0 75.2 11 04 12 22 13333314 13333313 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050227 75.5 75.9 76.1 12 02 08 18 02313221 13314212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050226 77.0 77.1 76.6 27 07 09 12 22233322 22332332 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050225 77.6 78.1 78.0 15 05 09 15 11222332 11233442 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050224 80.9 80.0 81.2 17 00 05 15 00113122 00113222 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050223 86.0 85.4 85.1 54 03 04 06 11211211 11211232 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050222 91.1 92.4 90.9 23 00 04 09 11001221 11012332 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050221 93.0 95.1 94.9 33 04 08 15 33121212 33122212 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050220 95.0 95.7 96.3 60 02 12 22 43302322 43311322 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050219 98.8 98.5 98.9 51 03 14 27 12344332 12343333 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050218 104.2 104.2 105.1 46 09 25 48 54434432 53434423 5 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050217 110.8 111.3 109.0 51 02 06 15 12012223 23011323 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050216 112.9 112.8 112.9 61 05 13 27 21244333 22234333 2 0 0 1 2 0 0 0
20050215 120.2 121.7 118.1 69 02 05 07 11201122 11211101 1 0 0 4 0 0 0 0
20050214 117.5 118.1 117.4 115 02 05 07 02111122 12112122 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 0
20050213 115.7 115.5 118.0 73 02 04 06 11110121 21111111 2 0 0 3 1 0 0 0
20050212 116.8 116.4 116.7 72 03 05 07 22111120 22122220 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050211 115.5 114.1 115.3 73 04 11 15 23332132 23332232 1 0 0 0 3 2 0 0
20050210 111.9 114.1 113.7 63 07 17 22 44334232 43343333 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
20050209 108.6 108.6 109.2 60 12 25 56 34544333 24543343 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
20050208 107.8 108.2 110.4 53 15 34 94 46434444 56434444 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050207 102.1 103.1 102.9 62 07 23 48 33235455 33225555 4 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
20050206 100.4 97.0 97.4 47 04 09 22 22411123 23411223 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050205 92.7 94.6 95.8 22 02 03 05 11101011 11101001 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050204 84.9 82.1 86.5 22 00 03 06 00012111 00011211 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050203 83.2 83.0 83.7 23 04 08 22 14311211 24312211 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050202 81.8 81.8 82.5 28 03 08 15 11322231 12222331 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050201 83.6 83.7 83.9 27 00 06 12 30121222 30112321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Back To The Top

20050131 86 86 87 49 05 19 39 32345431 42344431 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050130 86 86 86 38 06 16 22 34343222 23242222 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050129 85 86 86 30 06 20 32 32343344 23343444 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050128 85 85 86 43 02 06 15 22101132 12011332 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050127 85 87 87 43 00 03 07 00001211 00111331 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050126 90 89 89 46 02 04 05 11011111 11011220 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
20050125 90 94 94 56 02 04 07 10111121 11212232 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050124 94 96 95 42 04 06 09 21122221 21222221 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050123 96 96 96 40 09 17 27 44333432 43332433 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050122 104 102 103 60 12 28 80 56333343 46332233 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050121 115 114 114 69 04 61 179 31322886 32322775 9 2 0 2 0 0 0 0
20050120 123 123 123 61 04 12 32 21124433 21123433 5 0 1 4 0 1 0 0
20050119 135 133 132 66 12 62 132 66676434 56565533 8 3 1 5 1 2 0 0
20050118 134 124 131 109 27 72 132 65756645 55646644 12 2 0 7 2 1 0 0
20050117 139 138 138 107 12 63 132 54377753 44366653 4 2 1 5 0 1 0 0
20050116 144 145 149 99 07 12 18 22223323 22323423 7 2 0 8 1 0 0 0
20050115 147 145 +181 100 06 22 67 36433332 35433332 17 7 2 25 4 2 1 0
20050114 128 130 136 65 04 12 27 22211144 23212244 28 5 0 10 3 1 0 0
20050113 113 116 118 77 07 13 27 24223333 24322333 9 0 0 9 0 0 0 0
20050112 101 102 103 58 15 30 56 45355333 35354333 2 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
20050111 94 94 96 25 05 14 27 14422323 14422323 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050110 89 90 93 40 03 06 09 11112222 01212223 1 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
20050109 89 88 90 28 00 04 12 11031111 11030221 1 1 0 1 2 0 0 0
20050108 85 89 87 34 07 30 80 66343322 45343322 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050107 83 84 85 22 00 37 132 10016647 10016637 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050106 83 84 84 14 00 04 12 20000131 10000121 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050105 88 88 87 15 05 21 39 54543312 44443321 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050104 87 88 89 30 12 23 32 44344433 44243433 3 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
20050103 92 94 94 43 06 22 48 44335432 34335422 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
20050102 99 100 99 52 15 33 56 44543535 44533535 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
20050101 97 99 101 51 04 15 27 14323343 14323343 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
Back To The Top

Note! I use "RAW" and error prone public domain data from the NOAA Space Environment Center, as well as other U.S. Government organizations, to produce my "not for profit" propagation forecast outlooks. This data is gathered and made public by the U.S. Government using taxpayer $$$.

However the forecast outlooks that I produce from the "RAW" public domain data, is my personal intellectual property. Therefore the propagation outlooks contained herein is copyrighted © 1988-2005 by Thomas F. Giella, KN4LF, all rights reserved. Reproduction of information herein is allowed as long as proper credit is given.

Space weather forecasting is still an inexact science. The discussions, forecasts and outlooks are not official but for educational purposes only and are subject to human error and acts of God, therefore no guarantee or warranty implied.

Visits Since 01/23/97

Free counter

Back To The Top